Snaps, Crackles and Pops…Should You Be Concerned?

Snaps, cracks, and pops might be fun when coming from a cereal bowl, but when they come from your joints, they can be a cause for concern. But do these sounds indicate a problem? Let's break it down.

1. What Causes the Sounds?

Cavitation Bubbles

One of the primary reasons joints produce cracking or popping sounds is cavitation. This occurs when a joint is stretched or manipulated, leading to a decrease in pressure within the joint capsule. As a result, gas bubbles form in the synovial fluid, and their sudden formation—rather than collapse—produces the characteristic popping sound (Source: Kawchuk et al., 2015)

Tendon and Ligament Movement

Another common cause of joint sounds is the movement of tendons and ligaments over bony structures. As you move, tendons and ligaments may shift position and snap back, producing clicking or snapping noises (Source: Library of congress)

Cartilage Wear and Tear

Over time, cartilage that cushions joints can wear down, leading to bones rubbing against each other. This friction can create a grinding or grating sound, commonly referred to as crepitus. While this can be a normal part of aging, persistent crepitus with pain could indicate osteoarthritis (Source: H Sadeghi et al., 2018)

2. Where Do These Sounds Commonly Occur?

• Knees: Common when squatting or climbing stairs, often due to gas bubbles in synovial fluid or the movement of tendons and ligaments over bones

• Shoulders: Usually caused by tendons moving over bony structures or bursitis, which is the inflammation of fluid-filled sacs in the joint

• Neck and Back: Often due to facet joint adjustments or cavitation within these joints. If accompanied by pain, it may indicate an underlying issue

3. Should You Be Concerned?

When Sounds Are Harmless

Most joint sounds are harmless, particularly if they occur without pain, swelling, or reduced mobility. Research has shown that habitual knuckle cracking does not cause arthritis

When to Seek Medical Attention

Joint sounds may be a concern if accompanied by:

• Pain or Swelling: Could indicate osteoarthritis or bursitis. (Source: Complete Orthopedics)

• Reduced Mobility: Could signal a tendon or ligament injury.

• Grinding Sensation: Could be due to cartilage degeneration.

If you experience these symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation.

4. How to Maintain Joint Health

• Regular Exercise: Low-impact activities like swimming and cycling help maintain flexibility and strengthen muscles supporting the joints

• Proper Stretching: Improves flexibility and reduces tendon and ligament snapping.

• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Reduces stress on joints and decreases cartilage wear.

• Consult a Professional: If concerned about joint noises, especially with pain or swelling, seek medical advice.

• Use BackHug: A specialised device that loosens stiff joints in the back (including: neck, shoulder blades, upper, mid and lower back) 

  
  

• Understanding why joints make sounds can help alleviate concerns. While most joint noises are normal, paying attention to accompanying symptoms can ensure optimal joint health. If you're unsure, consult a medical professional for peace of mind.